Bertolt Brecht
Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht (10 February 1898 – 14 August 1956), known professionally as
Bertolt Brecht, , in German .}} was a German
theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet. Coming of age during the
Weimar Republic, he had his first successes as a playwright in Munich and moved to Berlin in 1924, where he wrote ''
The Threepenny Opera'' with
Elisabeth Hauptmann &
Kurt Weill and began a life-long collaboration with the composer
Hanns Eisler. Immersed in
Marxist thought during this period, he wrote didactic ''
Lehrstücke'' and became a leading theoretician of
epic theatre (which he later preferred to call "dialectical theatre") and the .
During the
Nazi Germany period, Brecht fled his home country, first to Scandinavia, and during
World War II to the United States, where he was surveilled by the
FBI. After the war he was subpoenaed by the
House Un-American Activities Committee. Returning to
East Berlin after the war, he established the theatre company
Berliner Ensemble with his wife and long-time collaborator, actress
Helene Weigel.
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